Sexual Displays

a) COURTSHIP male chases female

• 1) SOLITARY by male alone
• 2) MUTUAL by both sexes
• 3) COLLECTIVE by 2 or more males together

b) PAIR BONDING or PAIR-MAINTAINING DISPLAYS

• 1) sexual pursuit: male chases female and indicates readiness to copulate
• 2) courtship feeding: female gives begging displays, apparently to lower male aggression

c) FERTILIZATION DISPLAYS displays directly associated with copulation, often difficult to tell from courtship and pair bonding displays.

Royal Flycatcher